Fundamental dose reduction concepts in CT

• optimize scan parameters by reducing tube current, either as a user-selectable option in the scan prescription or by selecting scanners that feature angular and z-axis modulation of mA according to tissue thickness along a given projection;
• develop tabulated guidelines for height- and weight-adjusted current settings;
• increase table increment or pitch (axial and helical scans, respectively) whenever possible without reducing image quality;
• reduce the number of multiphase scans; and
• reduce inappropriate referrals and recommend less dose-intensive modalities—such as MRI, ultrasound, and radiography—whenever possible.